Bioremediation of Total Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon in Crude Oil-Contaminated Soil using<i> </i><i>Costus</i><i> </i><i>afer</i> Plant

Costus afer is a well-known medicinal plant abundant in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The successful growth on crude oil contaminated soil adds to list plants that has potential get rid harmful chemical compounds save human life as well preserve environment. This study investigates remediation at different ages (7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days old) decontaminate petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. To achieve this, contamination sandy-loam was simulated by mixing T0.5, 1.0, 1.5 L Bonny-Light with 48 kg three separate reactors conditions low, medium, high contamination, respectively. reactor medium-level served control. were nursed transplanted stated each except Controlled irrigation applied, setups housed shield them from rainfall. After 90 treatment, results showed 7 old produced highest amounts total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (TPAH) reduction 99.71, 90.10, 84.06 % Furthermore, sequence TPAH 14 > 21 28 35 42-days old. Thus, addition its value, also restore oil-contaminated soils.